The First United Methodist Church of Napa, CA

July 17, 2005

The Ninth Sunday after Pentecost

Scripture Readings:

 

Hebrew Scriptures – Genesis 28: 10-19a[1]

 

10Jacob left Beer-sheba and went toward Haran. 11He came to a certain place and stayed there for the night, because the sun had set. Taking one of the stones of the place, he put it under his head and lay down in that place. 12And he dreamed that there was a ladder set up on the earth, the top of it reaching to heaven; and the angels of God were ascending and descending on it. 13And the LORD stood beside him and said, “I am the LORD, the God of Abraham your father and the God of Isaac; the land on which you lie I will give to you and to your offspring; 14and your offspring shall be like the dust of the earth, and you shall spread abroad to the west and to the east and to the north and to the south; and all the families of the earth shall be blessed in you and in your offspring. 15Know that I am with you and will keep you wherever you go, and will bring you back to this land; for I will not leave you until I have done what I have promised you.” 16Then Jacob woke from his sleep and said, “Surely the LORD is in this place—and I did not know it!” 17And he was afraid, and said, “How awesome is this place! This is none other than the house of God, and this is the gate of heaven.”

18So Jacob rose early in the morning, and he took the stone that he had put under his head and set it up for a pillar and poured oil on the top of it. 19He called that place Bethel;

 

Gospel Lesson – Matthew 13: 24-30, 43b[2]

 

24He put before them another parable: “The kingdom of heaven may be compared to someone who sowed good seed in his field; 25but while everybody was asleep, an enemy came and sowed weeds among the wheat, and then went away. 26So when the plants came up and bore grain, then the weeds appeared as well. 27And the slaves of the householder came and said to him, ‘Master, did you not sow good seed in your field? Where, then, did these weeds come from?’ 28He answered, ‘An enemy has done this.’ The slaves said to him, ‘Then do you want us to go and gather them?’ 29But he replied, ‘No; for in gathering the weeds you would uproot the wheat along with them. 30Let both of them grow together until the harvest; and at harvest time I will tell the reapers, Collect the weeds first and bind them in bundles to be burned, but gather the wheat into my barn.’”

43b….Let anyone with ears listen!

 

 “Where Did These Weeds Come From?"

 

          I can't say that I remember hearing the Orson Welles radio drama of The War of the Worlds[3] that back in 1938 had thousands of listeners in a panic that earth was actually being invaded by extraterrestrials; but I do remember enjoying the BTC ("before Tom Cruise") movie version made some fifteen years later.  I'm a fan of science fiction; Jean-Luc Piccard, of Star Trek: the Next Generation seems like everything a starship captain ought to be as he confidently intones the command, "Make it so."[4]  In light of yet another remake of that famous H. G. Wells-inspired screenplay about alien invasion that Steven Spielberg brought back to the theaters just last month, I remember another remarkable quote that appeared some years ago in the New York Times magazine, saying, "You may not believe, but that doesn't mean you can't prepare."[5]  That's how the column began as it reported on a company that might still be producing "silly but haunting survival gear for the approaching invasion of extraterrestrials."  They want to equip us "unbelievers" with such bizarre things as "a paper Alien Imposter Mask to help you blend into the new crowd…."  Could this be another twist on our parable about the "wheat" and "weeds?"  We might well ask ourselves:  "What mask, if any, might I currently be wearing?"  We are not weeds!  Surely!  We are citizens of the "kingdom of God" – or "kindom" as The Inclusive New Testament now calls it.[6]  So who, we're forced to ask, are the "aliens" among us?  Who are the evildoers?  Those whose beliefs are not like my own?  Those that our government (or our denomination) labels as "alien" ("legal" or "illegal")?[7]

          As far as masks go, read a little bit of the psychology of Carl Jung and you'll begin to understand that each of us has a "shadow" side[8] – a dark side of our personality that we usually don't recognize but tend to project onto others, calling them the enemy or alien.  I'm reminded, however, of the classic line from that old cartoon character, Pogo:  "We have met the enemy and they are us."  The human story, it seems, is one of both grace and disgrace.  There will be no "caped crusaders" to sail down from the tops of buildings to save us; salvation will come as we offer it to one another, or it will not come at all.

          What's more, fists and karate kicks have no real long-lasting impact against evil.  "Preemptive strikes" into a foreign country labeled part of an "evil empire" have never worked either.  Those who do evil plant it everywhere like tiny awful seeds.  Some of it starts out small, maybe only between two people, or as an almost casual dumping of toxic waste by a single individual.  It's hardly noticed by the rest of us, until these seeds of "care-less-ness" have taken root and finally, now, seem to have overwhelmed us.  Then we cry out in anger, surprise, and frustration, "Where did these weeds come from?"[9]

          These kinds of weeds, though, aren't like the ones that many of you helped remove from the yard of the parsonage before Martha's and my arrival (Thank you!  Thank you!).  We could yank these kinds of weeds out one by one and throw them in a heap; we could zap them with "weed killers" or level the whole place with the most powerful herbicides, but we'll have to start all over again in no time at all.

          I'm not telling you anything that you don't already know:  this is not an agricultural problem.  It's a crisis of the soul.  The "field" is all of God's creation.  The weeds are the evil that we do – individually and collectively – turning up in the midst of the wheat.  Name the ones that you know:  terrorism and the warfare bred to combat it, betrayal and the abuse that follows any such "kiss of death," a whole host of injustices that have led to the terrible oppression experienced by far, far too many in our world, secrecy and lies – all manner of corruption that is sown not only in world or business affairs, but in the church and in our personal lives.  "Where did these weeds come from?"  Jesus reminds us this morning that they're no accident of nature – they didn't just drift in with an evil wind from somewhere else.  We planted them.

          "Why?"  Who among us hasn't felt the agony of that question?  But to remain in the grip of the pain of that one-word question, all too often leaves us without any satisfactory answers and only prolongs the agony.  "What can I do?" on the other hand, is a question that opens up practically countless creative possibilities from which we might choose a response.  Think of what Christians alone do to each other and to their neighbors, and this seemingly ridiculous question about why weeds exist, becomes all too obvious.

          The parable's real challenge is its blunt division between "wheat" and "weeds" – its dualism.  How can we be convinced that two such hostile crops can and do, in fact, grow in the same field?  And if God isn't taking care of things now, how can we be so sure that they'll all be neatly separated in the end?  How do we know that it'll all work out, when it's so obvious that we continue to struggle with, and often fail to even notice, the weeds in the midst of the wheat?  We don't see weed-like behavior in ourselves.  How can we assume that we know how to see it in others?  I'm just as troubled by this parable as I am about the one that speaks about separating the "sheep" from the "goats."[10]

          If it's hard to imagine all of the human race neatly divided into two categories, then seeing where we fit into this image can be even harder – viz., as a field in which two antagonistic crops grow, one that we're supposed to nurture and care for, while the other – unwanted and ill-conceived – has got to be seen as somebody else's fault.  Are you sure that you can spot the wheat from among the weeds?  I'm not sure that I can.  As newly-arrived "city slickers" to the rural town of Etna, CA (one of the first churches that I served twenty-five years ago), I remember that Martha and I lovingly cut some beautiful yellow wildflowers that we found in a nearby field – thinking they would bring refreshing grace to the worship service on our first Sunday there and make "a good impression."  We found out from one of the rancher's wives, very soon that Sunday, though, that what we'd picked for its seemingly delicate beauty, everyone else in the valley considered a noxious weed!  It's called Marlahan Mustard (or Dyer's Woad)[11] and is the bane of every alfalfa farmer along the Scott River!  It is just as possible for any one of us to misidentify the good and evil in others – or in ourselves – in much the same way.

          Like the householder's servants in today's parable, though, we want to do something about the evil that we see!  And yet as someone who has reversed that well-known adage into an epigram of a different sort, Jesus is saying to us here:  "Don't just do something; stand there!"  Evil outrages us:  terrorists with their bombs, corporate bigwigs fudging their books, politicians who betray our trust, the man who chooses to reinforce his grudges with a gun, the drunken driver behind the wheel…they all make us crazy!

          We are God's wheat!  We're the ones who are trusting and careful!  We work hard to shape good lives – for ourselves and for our families.  We work hard to establish healthy work places and safe communities.  We want freedom, not just for ourselves, but for all people.  We do all that we can; and it's never enough.  Weeds have grown up everywhere.

          When Jesus was betrayed by his followers (Judas wasn't the only one!), one of them, you remember, drew his sword and cut off the ear of a man that he perceived was their enemy.[12]  Shouldn't the "enemies of God" pay a very high price?  But (and I'm sure that you've heard this said before) one religion's "freedom fighter" is another's "terrorist."  We understand this sword-wielding disciple very well; so Jesus' response leaves us dumbfounded:  "Put your sword back into its place; for all who take the sword will perish by the sword."[13]  Leave the weeds.  Let them grow alongside the wheat until the harvest.

          And yet still we ask, "Why?"  Why shouldn't we cut off evil at its root whenever we can, wherever we can, and as quickly and as decisively as we can?  But that's just the problem.  At its root evil is a spiritual problem; and we're part of it.  Paul noticed this as, in a moment of true insight, he noted:

 

For you were called to freedom, brothers and sisters; only do not use your freedom as an opportunity for self-indulgence, but through love become slaves to one another.  For the whole law is summed up in a single commandment, "You shall love your neighbor as yourself."  If, however, you bite and devour one another, take care that you are not consumed by one another.[14]

 

          Jesus doesn't forbid us from confronting evil, but such confrontation must always be in the context of compassion – of tending to each other's needs – so that if there is to be "peace with justice," it is shared equally among all people.  It is based upon an active love that is strong enough, yet patient enough, to wait until all of the defenses crumble.  It is not a justice of retribution, but a justice of restoration.[15]  It's a love that will not let our neighbor creep away into the long night of suffering unnoticed, alone, confused and desperate, poor and hungry.  It's a love that calls deceivers to account for their deception.  With individuals like Jesus, Mahatma Gandhi, Mother Theresa, and others like them, the justice of God is marked by a compassion that spreads like ripples on a pond flowing from a point of stillness out to a still as yet unseen and far shore.[16]

          Two hours before his death – in fact, in his last public appearance – Thomas Merton (Trappist monk and well-known author of books on spirituality) said this:

 

The whole idea of compassion…is based on a keen awareness of the interdependence of all these living beings, which are all part of one another and all involved in one another.[17]

 

Even the renowned scientist and reputed agnostic, Albert Einstein, expressed this same conviction well over half a century ago when he said that…

 

Human beings are part of the whole, called by us the "Universe," a part limited in time and space.  We experience ourselves, our thoughts and feelings, as something separated from the rest – a kind of prison for us, restricting us to our personal desires and to affection for a few persons nearest to us.  Our task must be to free ourselves from this prison by widening our circle of compassion to embrace all living creatures and the whole of  nature in its beauty.  Nobody is able to achieve this completely, but striving for such an achievement is in itself part of the liberation and a foundation for inner security.[18]

 

          So, what does this mean, for us, on a day that we've chosen to mark as "Peace with Justice Sunday"…on a day that we choose to recommit ourselves to, in fact, "live in peace?"[19]  It means that in Rabbi Jesus we have discovered that heaven and earth have met and become one.  So anytime we speak about something like "salvation" – eternal life, the "kingdom of heaven" – we must speak about it as a present reality.  It doesn't mean that the weeds will disappear; and it doesn't mean that there's going to be anything different, or surprising, waiting for us at the "end of time."  It does mean that you and I are free enough now to live our lives differently than we might have been doing:  we don't need to kill the weeds.

          Let me tell you what I believe about "heaven."  Heaven is wherever God is. God is wherever Jesus is.  And Jesus is with us – right in the middle of the wheat and the weeds.  If at least some part of heaven isn't here, then it isn't anywhere.  How does this make any difference in our lives?  How does this make a difference when you don't have a home or even enough money to live a decent life?  How does this make a difference when someone that you love dies?  How does this make a difference when people around us are starving – for food, for acceptance, for love?  What difference does it make when people that we've entrusted with leadership betray us?  When somebody that we wish were our friend ignores us?  When even our friends reject us?  When those that we love the most turn against us?  What difference does it make, then, to hear that you and I are free from bondage to all of this pain?  To hear that Jesus is saying now (even to us!):  "…remember, I am with you always, to the end of the age."[20]?

          It makes all the difference in the world; because it means that there is one thing on which we can pin all of our hopes, one promise that will not be broken, and one person who will not reject us and that what's happening to us now – whether it's good or bad – is not "the last word."  Our dreams for a good life – for compassion, for "peace with justice" – are also signs of our deepest hope.  We all wait for the fulfillment of those hopes, having come to learn that God's design on creation may differ from our own.  But we wait with that promise from the one who still says to us:  In your dreams of the good life, I am with you.  In one Jesus of Nazareth, heaven and earth meet.  Let it not be said of us that we learned too late about how God is in this place – and we didn't know it.[21]  Peace, with justice, can happen.  Make it so.

 



[1] This legend in Genesis tells of the promise of Abraham and his descendants being conferred on Jacob.  It's a story come to be known as "Jacob's ladder," but it's really been misrepresented in that old Afro-American spiritual "We Are Climbing Jacob's Ladder" (#418 in The United Methodist Hymnal); the only beings supposedly climbing up and down any ladder here are God's angels ("messengers" in Greek), not people – of course we do forget that people can be angels (God's messengers).  But what's significant about Jacob's dream is that this place is a place of the covenant.  So he names the place Beth-el, which literally means "house of God."  It's a place for all people to encounter their God, a place to know the power, beauty, and awesome presence of their Creator.

[2] Who are the "chosen people of God?"  Who will "inherit the kingdom of God," and who won't?  Who's "in" and who's "out?"  Those are the real questions behind the telling of this seemingly innocent parable of the "wheat and weeds."  Every religion in the world assumes that its followers are the enlightened elect.  It's the rest of the world's unbelievers that are "going to hell," certainly not them.  Why, then, do we find evil everywhere – even in the church?  [Note:  I purposely left out the "explanation" of this parable (vv. 36-43a) from our reading as I believe, with most other biblical scholars, that such emendations would actually very rarely (if ever) be part of a rabbi's teachings.  The power of a parable is the way that it's heard and interpreted by each individual who has "the ears to hear" its subtle and multilayered message.  You be the judge as to whether or not my "ears" have heard anything worth repeating in such a thing as this sermon!]

[4] This phrase originates with ship captains of the Royal Navy who, while commanding Her Majesty's ships under sail, were not the ones to put their hands on the steering wheel but, after determining the correct course and speed, simply told those under their command, "Make it so." …and they made it happen.

[5] New York Times, the Magazine, 17 March 1996.

[6] Originally published by "Priests for Equality" over a decade ago, this translation of the Greek word, basileia, is meant to remove the royal triumphalism that's too long been associated with Christians who assume that they're part of the "in crowd."

[7] This has been the reason behind "holiness (or "purity") codes" since ancient times.  It's the reason for texts like Leviticus.  If we're going to be able to recognize what's "unholy" (read "not ordained by God" here), we need to know what is "holy" and how to integrate it into our lives.

[8] Compellingly portrayed by the character Darth Vader, by the way (in yet another science fiction account), in the Star Wars trilogy; only there it's described as "the Dark side of the Force" – a force, supposedly, that seduces us toward evil with its power, but is also available to us to accomplish great good.

[9] Matthew 13: 27.

[10] A favorite of conservative evangelicals, Matthew 25: 31-46, speaks of "Judgment Day" that, if true, I believe will have 99.9% of the world's population "weeping and gnashing their teeth" in "eternal punishment" – many devout Christians among them.

[11] See "Noxious Weeds Currently in the Salmon River":  http://www.srrc.org/weeds/top5presentpage.html.

[12] Curiously enough it was a "slave" of one of the high priests – the "real" enemies of Jesus (See Mark 14: 47.  Compare this incident as it's reported in Matthew 26: 51 and Luke 22: 50.  Only in John 18: 10 is this swordsman identified as Peter!).

[13] Just as curious, this particular response of Jesus is only noted in Matthew's version (Matthew 26: 52).

[14] Galatians 5: 13-15.

[15] Restorative justice is a theory of justice that emphasizes repairing the harm caused or revealed by criminal behavior. It is best accomplished through cooperative processes that include everyone involved.  Typically programs reflecting restoration of relationship will respond to crime by:  (a) identifying and taking steps to repair the harm, then (b) involving all of those touched by the crime, and (c) working to transform the traditional relationship between communities and their governments in responding to crime.  Note, in particular, our United Methodist website found at the URL   http://archives.umc.org/interior.asp?mid=689, but also take a look at http://www.pficjr.org/newsitems/reconstories  and http://www.restorativejustice.org/.

[16] I'm reminded by this imagery, yet again, of a portion of T.S. Eliot's poetry about such a "still point" – from "Four Quartets: Burnt Norton" he writes:

 

At the still point of the turning world. Neither flesh nor fleshless;

Neither from nor towards; at the still point, there the dance is,

But neither arrest nor movement.  And do not call it fixity,

Where past and future are gathered.  Neither movement from nor towards,

Neither ascent nor decline. Except for the point, the still point,

There would be no dance, and there is only the dance.

 

[17] Thomas Merton in The Asian Journal of Thomas Merton, ed. Naomi B. Stone et al., 1973, pp. 341-342.

[18] Albert Einstein, "What I Believe," in Out of My Later Years (London:  Thomas & Hudson, 1950), p. 123.

[19] The special offering envelope that we use this Sunday says, in part:  "Your gift makes a world of difference…'Live in peace; and the God of love and peace will be with you' (2 Corinthians 13: 11b)."  Half of this offering supports peace with justice ministries globally through our General Board of Church and Society, and half assists annual conference-related work such as "Faith Communities Uniting for Peace."

[20] Matthew 28: 20b. 

[21] From a portion of our reading from the Hebrew Scriptures this morning:  Genesis 28: 16b.